Uticaj udaljenosti industrijske zone u Pančevu na kontaminaciju zemljišta teškim metalima

Abstract

Predmet istraživanja bili su uzorci zemjišta sa četiri lokacije poljoprivrednog zemljišta, koja pripadaju karbonatnom černozemu, a nalaze se na različitoj udaljenosti od indutrijske zone u Pančevu. Prva lokacija nalazila se na udaljenosti oko 200 m, a druga na oko 5000 m. Treća i četvrta lokacija su udaljene oko 10.000 m. Dva uzorka zemljišta uzeta su iz indutrijske zone u Pančevu. Agrohemijskim analizama određen je sadržaj sledećih teških metala: Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu i Cd. Sa udaljenošću lokacije od industrijske zone, značajno se smanjuje zastupljenost teških metala. Iako postoje razlike u sadržaju jona Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu i Cd, njihove vrednosti su u dozvoljenim granicama za poljoprivredna zemljišta.

Soil samples drawn from four locations of agricultural land, belonging to a calcareous chernozem type of soil, placed at different distances from the Pančevo industrial area were observed in the present study. The first (place Vojlovica), i.e. the second location (PD Stari Tamiš) are placed at a distance of approximately 200 m, i.e. 5000 m from the industrial area, respectively . The third and fourth locations are placed at the distance of approximately 10,000 m from the industrial area, and they belong to the PDS Institute 'Tamiš' from Pančevo. Two soil samples were drawn from the industrial area (factories Azotara and Petrohemija in Pančevo). The content of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu and Cd) was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in flame acetylene / air. The heavy metal content was higher in samples from non-agricultural land located in the industrial area. The greater distance of locations from the industrial area was the more significantly lower the content of heavy metals was. It is considered that beside air pollution, the heavy metal content can also be affected by the application of NPK mineral fertilisers and pesticides. Even though the content of ions (Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu and Cd) was different, their values were within the permitted limits for agricultural lands.