Građenje strateških alijanski - faktor internacionalizacije poslovanja nacionalnih preduzeća

Abstract

Proces internacionalizacije poslovanja za pojedina preduzeća je gotovo neizbežan, nije jednostavan i često je otežan brojnim problemima. Predmet ovog rada je istraživanje stavova vlasnika i menadžera višeg nivoa nacionalnih preduzeća iz različitih sektora poslovanja kako da građenjem poslovnih alijansi ostvare prodor na inostrana tržišta, tim pre jer nacionalno tržište neretko postaje premalo za njihovu ekspanziju. Odluka nacionalnih preduzeća da upotrebe ili ne upotrebe strateške alijanse najčešće je uslovljena njihovim karakteristikama. U zavisnosti od nivoa poslovanja, dužine poslovanja i posebnih atributa svakog pojedinačnog preduzeća, mogući savezi im nude niz prednosti i nedostataka u poslovanju. Rezultati ove studije izdvajaju faktore koji podstiču nacionalna preduzeća da uspostave stratešku alijansu u procesima internacionalizacije, kao i elemente koji ometaju odabir takvih strategija. U ovom istraživanju korišćene su metode komparativne statistike (ch2 Test, ANOVA), hipotetičko-deduktivne metode, analitičko-deduktivne i komparativne metode, istorijske i statističko-deskriptivne metode.

The process of internationalization of business for individual companies is almost inevitable. It is not simple and is often made even more complex by numerous challenges. The aim of this paper is to investigate the strategies of owners and top-level managers in domestic companies from different business sectors developed with the aim to build penetration into foreign markets by building business alliances, especially since the national market often becomes too small for their expansion. The decision to use or not to use strategic alliances is usually conditioned by the characteristics of national companies. In the case of companies of different levels and periods of business operation, such alliances have a number of advantages and disadvantages. The numerous disadvantages are mainly due to the special characteristics that each of them possesses. The results of this study highlight the factors that encourage national companies to establish a strategic alliance in the processes of internationalization, as well as the elements that hinder the choice of such strategies. In this research, the methods of comparative statistics (ch2 Test, ANOVA), hypothetical - deductive methods, analytical - deductive and comparative methods, historical and statistical - descriptive methods were used.