@conference{
author = "Roljević Nikolić, Svetlana and Ćurčić, Nikola and Matković Stojšin, Mirela and Mickovski Stefanović, Violeta",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The study examined the impact of air temperature and the sum of precipitation
on the yield variability of the most commercially important crops over a thirty-year
period (1991–2021) using methods of descriptive statistics and analysis of variance.
The data on the average yields of corn, wheat, soybean, sunflower, and sugar beet
obtained on the experimental field of the Tamiš Research and Development Institute
in the observed period were used. The average annual air temperature for a period of
30 years varied between 10.6°C and 14.1°C in 1993 and 2000, respectively. The lowest
sum of precipitation, 334 mm, was recorded in 2000, and the highest amount, 973.70
mm, was recorded in 2014. The analysis of yield variability indicates that soybean had
the highest coefficient of variation (34.25%), followed by sugar beet (30.8%) and corn
(30.5%), while sunflower (22.3%) and wheat (20%) had lower values. The average yield
of soybean ranged from 954 kg to 4,631 kg (1993 and 2018), sugar beet from 18,270
kg to 78,900 kg (1993 and 2010), corn from 2,887 kg to 11,523 kg (2000 and 2006),
sunflower from 1,333 kg to 3,734 kg (in 1999 and 2013), and the wheat yield at the
level of 3,590 kg to 7,957 kg (2006 and 2021). The results of the analysis of variance
and linear regression analysis for the thirty-year period reveal that precipitation had a
significant (p < 0.05) influence on the yield of corn (ŷi=8630.7+4.924*xi) and soybean
(ŷi=2212.9+2.273*xi), while no significant influence of climatic factors was found on
the yield of wheat, sunflower, and sugar beet during this period. However, when a more
detailed analysis is performed by decade, it is noted that the sum of precipitation had a
significant impact on the corn (ŷi= 2516.4 + 7.917 *xi), soybean (ŷi= -957.710 + 4.124
*xi), and sugar beet (ŷi= -35680.135 + 43.110*xi) yields in the first decade. On the other
hand, in the second decade, temperature significantly influenced the yield of corn (ŷi=
37077.474 -0.093*xi) and soybean (ŷi= 11921.39 - 8.452*xi), while in the third decade,
the analysed climate factors did not significantly influence the variability of the observed
crop yields.The obtained result indicates that climatic factors affect the yield of corn
the most, but also that other factors influence the variation in crop yield, probably the
cultivation of adaptable genotypes and the application of adequate cultural practice., U radu je primenom metoda deskriptivne statistike i analize varijanseistraživan
uticaj temperature vazduha i sume padavina na varijabilnost prinosa ekonomski
najznačajnijih useva u tridesetogodišnjem periodu (1991 – 2021.godine). Korišćeni
su podaci o prosečnim prinosima kukuruza, pšenice, soje, suncokreta i šećerne repe
dobijeni na oglednom polju Istraživačko-razvojnog instituta Tamiš u posmatranom
periodu. Tokom trideset godina, prosečna godišnja temperatura vazduha kretala se
od 10,6°Cdo 14,1°Cu 1993. odnosno 2000. godini. Najmanja suma padavina zabele-
žena je 2000. godine i iznosila je 334 mm, a najveća 2014. godine kada je zabeležena
godišnja suma padavina od 973,70 mm. Analiza varijabiliteta prinosa ukazuje da
je najveći koeficijent varijacije prinosa zabeležen kod soje (34,25%), zatim šećerne
repe (30,8%) i kukuruza (30,5%), dok su manje vrednosti dobijene kod suncokreta
(22.3%) i pšenice (20%). Prosečan prinos soje kretao se u nivou od 954 kg do 4.631 kg
(1993. i 2018. godine),šećerne repe od 18.270 kg do 78.900 kg(1993.i 2010. godine),
kukuruza od2.887 kg do 11.523 kg (2000. i 2006. godine),prinos suncokreta od 1.333
kg do 3.734 kg (1999. i 2013. godine), a prinos pšenice u nivou 3.590 kg do 7.957 kg
(2006. i 2021. godine). Rezultati analize varijanse i lineare regresije za tridesetogodišnji
period pokazuju da su padavine imale značajan (p < 0,05) uticaj na prinos kukuruza
(ŷi=8630,7+4,924*xi) i soje (ŷi=2212,9+2,273*xi), dok na prinos pšenice, suncokreta
i šećerne repe nije utvrđen značajan uticaj klimatskih činilaca u posmatranom peri-
odu. Međutim, kada se izvrši detaljnija analiza po dekadama, zapaža se da je prinos
kukuruza (ŷi=2516,4 +7,917 *xi), soje (ŷi=-957,710+4,124 *xi) i šećerne repe (ŷi=-
35680,135+43,110*xi) u prvoj dekadi značajno zavisio od sume padavina. Sa druge
strane, u drugoj dekadi temperatura jeznačajno uticala na visinu prinosa kukuruza
(ŷi=37077,474 -0,093*xi) i soje (ŷi=11921,39–8,452 *xi), dok u trećoj dekadi analizirani
klimatski činioci nisu značajno uticali na varijabilnost prinosaposmatranih useva.
Dobijeni rezultatukazuje daklimatski činioci najviše pogađaju prinos kukuruza, ali
i da na variranje prinosa useva utiču i drugi faktori, verovatno gajenje adaptibilnih
genotipova i primena adekvatnih agrotehničkih mera.",
publisher = "Beograd : Društvo genetičara Srbije",
journal = "Zbornik Apstrakata X simpozijuma Društva selekcionera i semenara Republike Srbije i VII simpozijuma sekcije za oplemenjivanje organizama Društva genetičara Srbije, Vrnjačka Banja, 16 - 18. oktobar 2023.",
title = "Variability of crop yield under the inflience of climate factors, Varijabilnost prinosa useva pod uticajem klimatski činilaca",
pages = "80-79"
}
